Factors affecting the performance of primary treatment in onsite systems ; WERF report 04-Dec-7 /
Approximately 23 percent of the estimated 115 million occupied homes in the United States are served by onsite wastewater systems. The vast majority of onsite wastewater treatment systems include a septic tank, grease trap, or both for primary treatment. These units are efficient, simple, low-energy...
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| Format: | Electronic eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London :
IWA Publishing,
2008.
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| Online Access: |
Full text (Emmanuel users only) |
Table of Contents:
- Cover; Copyright; Acknowledgments; Dedication ; Abstract and Benefits; Table of Contents; List of Tables; List of Figures; List of Acronyms; Executive Summary; Background; Primary Unit Objectives; Biological Model of Septic Tank Function; Modern History and Evolution of Primary Treatment Units; Sedimentation Theory and its Relevance to Tank Design; Alternate Septic Tank Designs; Meander and Closed-Conduit, Laminar Flow Tanks; UASB-Septic Tanks and Baffled Anaerobic Reactors; Imhoff Tanks; Septic Tank Treatment Efficacy; Objectives; Nutrients; Other Wastewater Constituents.
- Wastewater Source and CharacteristicsFacility Type; Cluster Systems and Collection System Type; Source Separation; Septic Tank Design Characteristics; Sizing; Hydraulic Design and Characterization; Geometry; Compartmentation; Septic Tank Inlet, Outlet, and Appurtenances; Food Service Facilities and Grease Trap Design; Seasonal/Temperature Effects on Biology; Sludge/Scum Accumulation and Removal; Use of Additives; Water Softeners; Garbage Grinders; Inspection, Operation and Maintenance; Performance Monitoring and Troubleshooting; Sampling; Venting; Tank Construction and Installation.
- Existing Tank StandardsState Regulations; Industry Standards; Research Recommendations; Types of Studies; Common Study Design Limitations; Existing Data; Conclusions; Additional Resources; Glossary ; References; Appendix A: Existing Tank Standards ; Appendix B: History/Evolution of Primary Treatment Units in Decentralized Systems.